Gallbladder cancer is a relatively rare form of cancer, affecting about 1 in 100,000 people each year. The exact cause of gallbladder cancer is unknown, but studies suggest that certain risk factors, including a history of gallstones, chronic inflammation, and smoking, may increase the risk of developing the condition. Other factors thought to play a role in the development of gallbladder cancer include aging, gender (women are more likely to develop the condition), obesity, and certain genetic mutations. Additionally, certain environmental exposures, such as exposure to asbestos or certain chemicals, may also increase the risk of the disease. While the exact cause of gallbladder cancer is unknown, these are all factors that may contribute to its relative rarity.