Aplastic anemia is a rare and serious disorder that affects the body's ability to produce new blood cells. It occurs when the bone marrow, the soft tissue inside the bones, fails to produce enough new blood cells. Without enough new blood cells, the body cannot get enough oxygen and other nutrients, which means that organs and tissues do not function properly. Without treatment, aplastic anemia can be life-threatening.
What Causes Aplastic Anemia?
Aplastic anemia can be caused by a number of things, such as exposure to certain toxins or medications, or a genetic condition. It can also be caused by radiation or chemotherapy treatments, or as a result of a viral infection. In some cases, the cause of aplastic anemia is unknown.
How is Aplastic Anemia Diagnosed?
Aplastic anemia can be difficult to diagnose because the symptoms can be similar to other conditions. Typically, a doctor will order a complete blood count (CBC) and a bone marrow biopsy to look for signs of aplastic anemia.
Treatment of Aplastic Anemia
Treatment of aplastic anemia depends on the cause and severity of the condition. In some cases, the doctor may recommend lifestyle changes, such as avoiding certain medications or toxins. In other cases, a blood transfusion or medication may be necessary. In severe cases, a bone marrow transplant may be needed.
Managing Aplastic Anemia
People with aplastic anemia should take steps to manage their condition, such as avoiding certain medications, eating a healthy diet, and avoiding contact with people who are ill. It is also important to be aware of the signs and symptoms of aplastic anemia and to contact a doctor if any of these occur.