Allergic rhinitis, also known as hay fever, is a common condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It is an inflammation of the nasal airways caused by an allergic reaction to airborne substances. Allergic rhinitis can cause a variety of symptoms including sneezing, nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy eyes, and post-nasal drip.
Symptoms of Allergic Rhinitis
The most common symptoms of allergic rhinitis include sneezing, nasal congestion, a runny nose, itchy eyes, and post-nasal drip. Other symptoms can include coughing, headaches, fatigue, and dark circles under the eyes. Symptoms may vary from person to person and may be seasonal or year-round.
Causes of Allergic Rhinitis
Allergic rhinitis is caused by an allergic reaction to airborne allergens such as pollen, dust mites, mold, pet dander, and certain foods. When a person is exposed to these allergens, their body releases histamine and other chemicals that cause inflammation and irritation in the nose and airways.
Diagnosis of Allergic Rhinitis
Your doctor can diagnose allergic rhinitis through a physical exam and a review of your medical history. They may also order tests such as a skin test, blood test, or nasal swab to determine the specific allergens that are triggering your symptoms.
Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis
The best way to treat allergic rhinitis is to avoid the allergens that are causing your symptoms. If this is not possible, your doctor may prescribe medication such as antihistamines, decongestants, or corticosteroids to help reduce your symptoms. Immunotherapy (allergy shots) may also be recommended if your symptoms are severe or if medications are not effective.
