Overview of Cystic Fibrosis
Cystic fibrosis is an inherited chronic disease that affects the lungs and digestive system of about 30,000 children and adults in the United States (70,000 worldwide). A defective gene causes the body to produce unusually thick, sticky mucus that clogs the lungs and obstructs the pancreas. In the lungs, the mucus clogs the airways and traps bacteria leading to infections, extensive lung damage and eventual respiratory failure. In the pancreas, the mucus prevents the release of digestive enzymes that allow the body to break down food and absorb vital nutrients.
Who is Most at Risk for Cystic Fibrosis?
Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder, meaning it is passed down through families. It is most common among people of Northern European descent, but it affects people of all races and ethnic backgrounds. Approximately 1 in every 3,500 children born in the United States has cystic fibrosis.
Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis
The treatment of cystic fibrosis focuses on managing symptoms, preventing and treating complications, and slowing the progression of the disease. Treatments may include medications, physical therapy, nutrition, respiratory therapy, and other supportive treatments. A multidisciplinary team of providers, including a primary care provider, pulmonologist, and nutritionist, can help develop a treatment plan to meet the individual needs of the patient.