Gallbladder cancer is a rare form of cancer that develops in the gallbladder. The gallbladder is a small organ that stores bile, a substance that helps break down fats during digestion. The exact cause of gallbladder cancer is unknown, but certain factors may increase the risk of developing the disease.
Risk Factors for Gallbladder Cancer
There are a number of factors that may increase a person's risk of developing gallbladder cancer. These include:
• Age: Risk increases with age, with most cases occurring in people over the age of 65.
• Gender: Women are more likely to develop gallbladder cancer than men.
• Ethnicity: People of Asian or Native American descent are more likely to develop gallbladder cancer than other ethnic groups.
• Obesity: People who are overweight or obese may have an increased risk of gallbladder cancer.
• History of Gallstones: People who have had gallstones may be more likely to develop gallbladder cancer.
• Chronic Inflammation: People with chronic gallbladder inflammation, or cholecystitis, may have an increased risk of gallbladder cancer.
• Family History: People with a family history of gallbladder cancer may have an increased risk of developing the disease.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Gallbladder cancer is often difficult to diagnose. Symptoms may not appear until the cancer is advanced. If gallbladder cancer is suspected, a number of tests may be used to diagnose the disease, including ultrasounds, CT scans, endoscopic ultrasounds, and biopsies.
Treatment options for gallbladder cancer depend on the stage of the cancer. Surgery is the most common treatment and may be used to remove the gallbladder, adjacent lymph nodes, and part of the liver. Chemotherapy and radiation may also be used to shrink the tumor before or after surgery.