Mouth cancer, also known as oral cancer, is a type of cancer that can occur in any part of the mouth, including the lips, tongue, cheeks, gums, roof of the mouth, and floor of the mouth. This type of cancer affects the tissues and cells of the mouth and can develop in any of the three major areas of the mouth: the lips, gum, and tongue.
Signs and Symptoms of Mouth Cancer
The most common signs and symptoms of mouth cancer include:
• A sore or ulcer in the mouth that does not heal
• A lump or thickened area in the mouth
• White or red patches in the mouth
• Pain when swallowing
• Difficulty moving the jaw or tongue
• A lump in the neck
• A hoarseness that does not go away
Risk Factors for Mouth Cancer
Some of the most common risk factors for developing mouth cancer include:
• Tobacco use
• Heavy alcohol use
• Poor oral hygiene
• Exposure to certain viruses, such as human papillomavirus (HPV)
• Exposure to certain chemicals, such as arsenic
• Older age
• Male gender
• A weakened immune system
Diagnosis and Treatment of Mouth Cancer
Mouth cancer is typically diagnosed through a physical exam, imaging tests, and a biopsy. After a diagnosis of mouth cancer is made, it is usually treated with surgery, radiation therapy, and/or chemotherapy. Treatment options will vary depending on the stage and type of cancer.
