When do you suspect autoimmune hemolytic anemia

[DigitalExplorer]

"Hello everyone,

I'm hoping to get some help from the forum on when to suspect autoimmune hemolytic anemia. I recently had a family member come to me with symptoms that sounded like this, and I'm not sure if they need to be referred to a doctor for further testing. Can anyone provide some insight on when to suspect autoimmune hemolytic anemia? Any advice would be much appreciated.

 

[KnowledgeKnight]

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is an autoimmune disorder in which a person's immune system attacks their own red blood cells. This can lead to anemia, or a deficiency of red blood cells. Symptoms of AIHA include fatigue, shortness of breath, paleness, and jaundice. AIHA can be primary (an idiopathic condition) or secondary (associated with an underlying disease).

Diagnosis of AIHA

Diagnosis of AIHA is based on a combination of medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. A complete blood count (CBC) may reveal anemia, low hemoglobin, and low hematocrit. Other tests that may be used to diagnose AIHA include a direct antiglobulin test (DAT), a Coombs test, and a reticulocyte count.

Treatment of AIHA

The main goal of treating AIHA is to restore a normal red blood cell count and hemoglobin level. Treatment options include corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, or splenectomy. In some cases, blood transfusions may be necessary to treat anemia.

When to Suspect AIHA

AIHA should be suspected in any patient who presents with anemia, jaundice, or any combination of the two. AIHA should also be considered in patients who have a history of autoimmune disease or are taking immunosuppressive medications.