Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the body’s response to an infection triggers an inflammatory response in the body, causing changes in the body that can have a direct or indirect effect on multiple organ systems. Sepsis can cause death if it is not treated quickly and effectively.
When sepsis progresses to a more severe state known as septic shock, it can cause death in a matter of hours or days. In septic shock, the body’s vital organs, such as the heart, kidneys, and lungs, begin to fail. This can lead to a rapid decrease in blood pressure, fluid loss, tissue damage, and organ dysfunction, all of which can be fatal.
One of the most important factors in determining when sepsis can cause death is the speed and effectiveness of treatment. If sepsis is identified early and managed quickly with antibiotics, fluids, and other supportive interventions, death is less likely. If sepsis is not identified and treated early, however, it can quickly progress and lead to septic shock and death.
The underlying infection and any associated complications are also important factors. For example, if the infection is caused by a bacterial toxin, it may be more difficult to treat and more likely to lead to death. People with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV, cancer, or diabetes, are also more likely to have a more severe infection and may be at greater risk of death due to sepsis.
Finally, the age and overall health of the person can play a role in determining when sepsis can cause death. Older adults, infants, and young children are more likely to have a weakened immune system and be at greater risk of death due to sepsis. People with certain pre-existing conditions, such as chronic lung disease or heart failure, are also at greater risk of death due to sepsis.