Psychosis is a mental health condition characterized by a disconnection from reality. This can lead to hallucinations, delusions, altered behavior, and other symptoms. While it can be a symptom of several different mental illnesses, some of the most common mental illnesses that can trigger a psychotic episode include schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, substance use disorder, and severe depression.
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe mental health disorder that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves. People with schizophrenia may experience hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking and speech, and movements that don't have any purpose. These symptoms can cause disruption in daily life and interfere with relationships.
Hallucinations are false perceptions of sensory input, such as hearing voices or seeing things that aren't really there.
Delusions are false beliefs that the person holds despite evidence to the contrary.
Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition that causes extreme shifts in mood, energy, and activity levels. It is characterized by alternating episodes of mania and depression. During a manic episode, a person may have elevated mood, increased energy, and decreased need for sleep. During a depressive episode, they may experience low mood, low energy, and increased need for sleep.
Psychosis can occur during either a manic or a depressive episode. During a manic episode, a person may experience grandiose delusions, such as believing they have special powers or are a famous person. During a depressive episode, a person may experience delusions of guilt or worthlessness.
Substance Use Disorder
Substance use disorder is a mental health condition characterized by a pattern of compulsive use of drugs or alcohol, despite the negative consequences. It can lead to physical and psychological dependence on the substance.
Psychosis can occur during intoxication or withdrawal from certain substances. During intoxication, a person may experience hallucinations or delusions. During withdrawal, they may experience delirium or confusion.
Severe Depression
Severe depression, also known as major depressive disorder, is a mental health condition characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, emptiness, and hopelessness. It can lead to a person feeling overwhelmed and unable to engage in their usual activities.
Psychosis can occur during severe depression. During a psychotic episode, a person may experience delusions of guilt, worthlessness, or helplessness. They may also experience auditory or visual hallucinations.