Factors That Increase Risk of Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer is the fifth most common cancer in women, although it is not as common as other cancers such as breast or colorectal cancer. Some factors increase the risk of developing ovarian cancer, including:
Age: The risk of ovarian cancer increases with age, with most cases occurring in women over the age of 50.
Family history: A woman's risk of ovarian cancer is higher if she has had a family member (mother, sister, or daughter) with ovarian cancer.
Genetic factors: Women who have certain genetic mutations, such as BRCA1 or BRCA2, have a higher risk of ovarian cancer.
Hormone therapy: Women who take hormone therapy (estrogen and progesterone) for more than five years are at an increased risk of ovarian cancer.
Obesity: Women who are overweight or obese have an increased risk of ovarian cancer.
Reproductive history: Women who have never had children, had their first child after the age of 30, or had fertility treatments are at an increased risk of ovarian cancer.
Smoking: Women who smoke cigarettes are at an increased risk of ovarian cancer.
Screening for Ovarian Cancer
Although there is no screening test for ovarian cancer, women should be aware of the signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer, which can include abdominal pain or discomfort, bloating, feeling full quickly, or changes in bowel habits. Women who have any of these symptoms should see their doctor for further evaluation.
In addition, women at high risk for ovarian cancer due to family history or genetic factors may benefit from genetic testing and counseling. Women at high risk may also be offered additional screening tests, such as transvaginal ultrasound or blood tests for CA-125.
Conclusion
Ovarian cancer is not a common cancer, but certain factors can increase a woman's risk of developing it. Women should be aware of the signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer and discuss their risk factors with their doctor. Women at high risk may benefit from additional screening tests.