Diarrhea: Causes and Symptoms
Diarrhea is defined as an increase in the frequency, volume, and fluidity of bowel movements. It can be caused by a number of factors, including dietary changes, medications, infections, and other medical conditions.
The most common causes of diarrhea are bacterial or viral infections, such as food poisoning, rotavirus, and salmonella. Other possible causes include stress, allergies, food intolerance, and certain medications.
The most common symptoms of diarrhea include loose, watery stools; abdominal bloating and cramps; nausea and vomiting; and fever. Diarrhea can also cause dehydration, which can be dangerous if not treated.
When to See a Doctor
Most cases of diarrhea resolve on their own, but some cases may require medical treatment. It is important to see a doctor if you experience any of the following symptoms with diarrhea:
• Blood in the stool
• Diarrhea lasting more than two days
• Severe abdominal pain
• Fever over 101°F
• Symptoms of dehydration, such as dry mouth and skin, dizziness, and fatigue
• Unintentional weight loss
It is also important to see a doctor if you are experiencing diarrhea for more than two weeks, as this could be a sign of a more serious medical condition.
Diagnosis and Treatment
If you see a doctor for diarrhea, they will assess your symptoms and medical history to determine the cause. Tests may be ordered, such as a stool sample or blood tests, to diagnose the underlying cause.
Treatment for diarrhea depends on the cause. Antibiotics may be prescribed if the diarrhea is caused by a bacterial infection. Antidiarrheal medications, such as loperamide, may also be prescribed to help relieve symptoms. In some cases, diet changes may be recommended.
When to Seek Emergency Care
It is important to seek emergency care if you experience any of the following symptoms with diarrhea:
• Severe abdominal pain
• Blood in the stool
• Fever over 101°F
• Severe dehydration
• Unconsciousness
These symptoms could be a sign of a serious medical condition, such as a bowel obstruction or a bacterial infection.
Conclusion
Diarrhea can be caused by a number of factors, including dietary changes, medications, and infections. Most cases of diarrhea resolve on their own, but it is important to seek medical treatment if the symptoms persist or become severe. It is also important to seek emergency care if you experience any symptoms that could indicate a serious medical condition.