Diagnosing Acromegaly
Acromegaly is a rare disorder caused by an excess of growth hormone in the body. It can cause a wide range of symptoms, including enlarged hands and feet, protruding lower jaw, and a deepened voice. To diagnose acromegaly, doctors typically use a combination of tests to measure the levels of growth hormone in the body, as well as related hormones and proteins.
Blood Test
A blood test is usually the first step in diagnosing acromegaly. This test measures the levels of growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and other hormones or proteins in the blood. If the levels of growth hormone are too high, the doctor may order additional tests to confirm the diagnosis.
Imaging Tests
Imaging tests, such as an MRI, can help doctors look for signs of a tumor on the pituitary gland. This is the most common cause of acromegaly. Imaging tests may also be used to look for signs of organ damage caused by the excessive growth hormone.
Glucose Tolerance Test
A glucose tolerance test is often used to diagnose acromegaly. During this test, the patient is asked to drink a sugary solution and then have their blood sugar levels tested. If the levels of growth hormone are too high, the patient’s blood sugar levels will not return to normal.
Genetic Tests
Genetic tests can also be used to diagnose acromegaly. These tests look for mutations in certain genes that can cause acromegaly. These tests are usually used if the patient has a family history of acromegaly.
Once acromegaly is diagnosed, doctors will typically recommend a combination of treatments, including medication, surgery, and lifestyle changes. If left untreated, acromegaly can cause serious health complications, such as diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease.