The most serious type of asthma is known as severe or uncontrolled asthma. This type of asthma is characterized by frequent and intense symptoms that are difficult to control, even with the use of appropriate treatments. Symptoms of severe asthma include difficulty breathing, chest tightness, wheezing, coughing, and impaired physical activity. Severe asthma can also cause asthma attacks, which can be life-threatening.
People with severe asthma often require daily medications and/or regular treatments to control their symptoms and reduce the risk of an asthma attack. These treatments may include both long-term control medications, such as inhaled corticosteroids, and quick-relief medications, such as bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs. People with severe asthma may also need to use a nebulizer or inhaler, both of which deliver medications directly into the lungs.
In addition to medications, people with severe asthma may also be advised to use environmental controls, such as air purifiers or humidifiers, to reduce triggers in the home. People with severe asthma may also need to avoid certain activities, such as strenuous exercise, that could trigger asthma symptoms.
Severe asthma can be difficult to manage, and it can be a source of frustration and anxiety for those affected. However, with proper treatment and management, it is possible to keep symptoms under control and reduce the risk of an asthma attack.