The most common source of artery to artery embolic stroke is an atheromatous plaque located in the carotid artery. This plaque is made up of cholesterol, calcium, and other debris that can accumulate in the artery walls over time. When the plaque ruptures, it can cause a blood clot to form, which can travel and block an artery in the brain. This can lead to a stroke, which can cause paralysis, loss of speech, and even death.
Other sources of artery to artery embolic stroke can include a blood clot from another area of the body, such as the heart, or a foreign body, such as an air bubble or a piece of plaque that has broken off from another artery.
The risk factors for artery to artery embolic stroke are similar to those of other types of stroke, including high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, and high cholesterol. Treatment for these strokes usually involves anticoagulant medications, such as warfarin, to prevent the formation of new blood clots. Surgery is sometimes required to remove the plaque or to repair the artery.
It is important to note that artery to artery embolic stroke is very serious and can cause permanent damage. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to avoid long-term consequences.