Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is a type of irregular heartbeat where the heart's two upper chambers (the atria) beat irregularly. It is a common form of arrhythmia and is estimated to affect approximately 2.7 million Americans. AFib is the most common type of arrhythmia and can cause serious health problems if not treated.
Causes of Atrial Fibrillation
The most common cause of AFib is a condition known as coronary artery disease (CAD). CAD is a narrowing of the coronary arteries, which can lead to decreased blood flow to the heart. This decreased blood flow can cause the atria to beat irregularly, leading to AFib. Other causes of AFib include high blood pressure, diabetes, and thyroid disease.
Risk Factors for Atrial Fibrillation
There are several risk factors associated with AFib, including age, family history, smoking, obesity, and certain medications. People over the age of 65 are more likely to develop AFib, as are those with a family history of heart disease. Smoking can increase the risk of AFib, as can certain medications, such as certain antibiotics and chemotherapy drugs.
Prevention and Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation
Prevention of AFib is the best way to minimize its effects. Eating a healthy diet, maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, and quitting smoking can help reduce the risk of developing AFib. Treatment for AFib may include medications, lifestyle changes, and/or medical procedures. Medications used to treat AFib include beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and anticoagulants. Lifestyle changes, such as reducing alcohol consumption and avoiding caffeine, can also help. In some cases, medical procedures, such as ablation or pacemaker implantation, may be necessary.
Atrial fibrillation is a serious condition that can lead to stroke and other health complications if left untreated. Knowing the risk factors and understanding the prevention and treatment options can help reduce the risk of developing AFib or minimize its effects.