The most common type of bone cancer in young adults is called osteosarcoma. This cancer affects the cells that make up the bones and usually begins in the ends of the long bones, such as the thighbone or the upper arm bone. Osteosarcoma can also spread to other areas of the body, such as the lungs. Symptoms of this type of cancer include pain in the affected area, swelling, and a lump or mass that can be felt. Other symptoms depend on the location of the cancer and can include difficulty moving the affected joint, fatigue, and weight loss. Osteosarcoma is most commonly diagnosed in adolescents and young adults between the ages of 10 and 25, with peak incidence occurring during the teenage years. It is more common in males than females.
Treatment options vary depending on the size and location of the tumor, the stage of the cancer, and the patient's overall health. Surgery is typically the most common form of treatment, with amputation being an option for large tumors that cannot be removed completely. Other treatments may include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or targeted therapy drugs.
Early diagnosis and treatment of osteosarcoma is important for improving the long-term prognosis. If the cancer has spread to other parts of the body, treatment may be more complex and may involve multiple treatments. Therefore, it is important for young adults to be aware of the symptoms of osteosarcoma and to seek medical attention if they experience any of the symptoms.