Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a condition where the jaw joint becomes fused due to inflammation or injury, resulting in decreased mobility and pain. The main reason for the development of ankylosis of the TMJ is a disruption of the normal joint mechanics. This can be caused by trauma, infection, or inflammation.
In the case of trauma, the disruption of the normal joint mechanics is due to physical damage to the joint, resulting in joint instability and decreased mobility. This can be caused by a direct impact, such as a blow to the jaw or a bite.
In the case of infection, the joint can become inflamed and the normal joint mechanics can be disrupted. This can be caused by bacterial or viral infections.
In the case of inflammation, the joint can become swollen and painful due to a rheumatic condition, such as arthritis. This can lead to a disruption of the normal joint mechanics and decreased mobility.
In all cases, the disruption of the normal joint mechanics can lead to the formation of scar tissue, which can cause the joint to become fused. This process is known as ankylosis. The most common symptom of ankylosis of the TMJ is decreased mobility and pain. Treatment typically includes anti-inflammatory medications, physical therapy, and, in some cases, surgery.