Most allergies are caused by an overreaction of the body's immune system to a normally harmless substance, such as pollen, pet dander, or dust mites. Allergy symptoms can range from mild to severe and can include sneezing, runny nose, itchy eyes, and skin rash.
What Causes Allergies?
Allergies are caused when the body's immune system mistakenly identifies a normally harmless substance as a threat. The immune system then produces antibodies to fight the perceived threat, resulting in the release of chemicals such as histamine. Histamine causes an inflammatory response in the body, which results in the symptoms of an allergic reaction.
What Are the Most Common Allergy Triggers?
The most common allergy triggers include pollen, pet dander, dust mites, mold, and certain foods. Pollen is the most common trigger and is released by trees, grasses, and weeds. Pet dander is created when an animal sheds its fur or feathers. Dust mites are microscopic bugs that can be found in bedding, upholstery, and carpets. Mold is found in damp places, such as basements and bathrooms. Certain foods, such as peanuts, shellfish, and eggs, can also trigger allergies in some people.
How Are Allergies Diagnosed and Treated?
Allergies can be diagnosed using a variety of tests, including skin prick tests, blood tests, and elimination diets. Treatment typically involves avoiding the allergen, taking medications to reduce symptoms, and undergoing immunotherapy. Immunotherapy involves gradually introducing the allergen to the body in order to desensitize it and reduce the severity of the allergic reaction.
