GORD (Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Disease) is a common digestive condition which occurs when stomach acid flows back up into the oesophagus. It is caused by a malfunctioning of the lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS), the muscle that separates the oesophagus and stomach. The main cause of GORD is a weakened LOS. Other contributing factors include obesity, pregnancy, hiatal hernia, certain foods and drinks, smoking, and certain medications.
Risk Factors
There are several risk factors associated with GORD. These include age, gender, diet, lifestyle, and medical history.
Age: GORD is more common in adults, although it can affect people of any age.
Gender: GORD is more common in males than females.
Diet: Certain foods and drinks, such as acidic fruits, tomato-based products, peppermint, caffeine, and alcohol, can trigger GORD symptoms.
Lifestyle: Smoking and obesity can increase the risk of GORD.
Medical History: People with certain medical conditions, such as a hiatal hernia, are more likely to experience symptoms of GORD.
Diagnosis
GORD is usually diagnosed by a doctor based on a patient's symptoms and medical history. Additional tests may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis. These tests include X-rays, endoscopies, and a 24-hour pH test.
Treatment
Treatment for GORD depends on the severity of the condition. Mild to moderate cases may be managed with lifestyle changes and medications. Severe cases may require surgery. Common treatments for GORD include lifestyle modifications, antacids, proton pump inhibitors, H2 blockers, and prokinetics.