The last stage of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is known as advanced ankylosing spondylitis. It is characterized by severe pain, stiffness, and immobility of the spine. In this stage, the vertebrae of the spine begin to fuse together, resulting in a severely limited range of motion. The fusion process results in a loss of flexibility and strength and can cause deformities such as a hunched back or a rigid neck. As the disease progresses, the spine continues to stiffen and cause an increasing amount of pain and discomfort.
The risk of developing advanced ankylosing spondylitis increases with age and is more common in men than in women. In addition to the physical limitations it causes, advanced ankylosing spondylitis can also lead to other physical and psychological complications. These include fatigue, depression, difficulty sleeping, and an increased risk of developing other chronic illnesses.
Treatment for advanced ankylosing spondylitis is typically focused on managing the symptoms of the condition. This may include physical therapy, medications, lifestyle changes, and/or surgery. Depending on the severity of the condition, a combination of treatments may be necessary to help improve the patient's quality of life.
The prognosis for advanced ankylosing spondylitis is typically guarded, as the condition is progressive and can be debilitating. However, with early diagnosis and proper management, the progression of the disease can be slowed and the patient's quality of life can be improved.