The first-line treatment for Aspergillus is a combination of antifungal medications and supportive care. The goal of treatment is to stop the growth of the fungus and to prevent further spread of the infection. Antifungal medications may include azoles, such as itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole, or echinocandins, such as caspofungin and micafungin. The specific type and duration of antifungal medication prescribed will depend on the type and severity of the infection.
Supportive care is also important for people with Aspergillus, and may include medical nutrition therapy, respiratory therapy, and oxygen therapy. Medical nutrition therapy can help replenish electrolytes and improve nutrition status. Respiratory therapy can help reduce inflammation and improve lung function. Oxygen therapy can be used to help increase oxygen levels in the body and reduce the severity of symptoms.
In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove infected tissue, especially if the infection has spread to the brain or other internal organs. Surgery may also be necessary if the antifungal medications are not effective.
In addition to the treatments listed above, people with Aspergillus should also take steps to reduce their risk of developing the infection in the first place. This includes avoiding exposure to mold and mildew, and wearing a dust mask when cleaning or working with materials that may contain mold or mildew.