The first line antibiotic for atypical pneumonia is typically a macrolide antibiotic, such as azithromycin or clarithromycin. These antibiotics are commonly used as they are highly effective at treating atypical organisms, such as mycoplasma pneumoniae, legionella pneumophila, and Chlamydia pneumoniae, which are the most common causes of atypical pneumonia. Macrolides are also well-tolerated and have fewer adverse effects than other antibiotics. Furthermore, macrolides are often able to be administered in a single dose, which makes them easier to take and decreases the risk of non-compliance.
In some cases, a quinolone antibiotic, such as ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin, may be prescribed if the patient is not responding to macrolide therapy. However, quinolones have more serious adverse effects and a higher risk for drug-drug interactions, so they should only be used as a second-line treatment for atypical pneumonia.
It is important to note that antibiotics may not be necessary for mild cases of atypical pneumonia. Some patients may simply need supportive care, such as rest, hydration, and fever control. Additionally, it is important for patients to follow up with their healthcare provider to ensure that the infection is properly treated.