Allergies and anaphylaxis are two closely related conditions. However, there are some key differences between the two.
Allergic Reaction
An allergic reaction is an immune system response to something that is normally harmless, such as pollen, dust mites, certain foods, or pet dander. An allergic reaction can be mild or severe. Symptoms of a mild allergic reaction may include sneezing, itching, and hives. Symptoms of a severe allergic reaction, known as anaphylaxis, may include difficulty breathing, chest tightness, and swelling of the throat and tongue.
Anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction. It typically occurs within minutes after exposure to an allergen. Symptoms of anaphylaxis may include swelling of the lips and tongue, difficulty breathing, chest tightness, hives, dizziness, and fainting. Anaphylaxis can be fatal if not treated immediately.
Treatment
Both allergic reactions and anaphylaxis can be treated with medications such as antihistamines. In the case of anaphylaxis, however, immediate medical attention is required. An epinephrine auto-injector, such as an EpiPen, should be administered as soon as possible. This will help to reduce the severity of the symptoms and prevent further complications.