Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome (APS) in adults is a disorder characterized by the abnormal functioning of the immune system, which leads to the destruction of the body’s own tissues and organs. It is a rare condition that can affect people of any age, but is most commonly seen in adults over the age of 40. APS can cause a wide range of symptoms, including fatigue, weight loss, and thyroid problems.
Symptoms of APS
APS affects different people in different ways, but some of the most common symptoms include:
• Fatigue
• Weight loss
• Abnormal thyroid function
• Weakness
• Joint pain
• Muscle pain
• Low blood sugar
• Low blood pressure
• Hair loss
• Skin rashes
• Abnormal blood clotting
• Abnormal heart rhythm
• Abnormal liver function
• Abnormal kidney function
• Abnormal immune system function
• Autoimmune diseases, such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and Sjogren's syndrome.
Causes of APS
The exact cause of APS is unknown, but it is thought to be related to a combination of genetic, environmental, and autoimmune factors. It is believed that the body’s own immune system mistakenly attacks its own healthy cells, leading to the destruction of tissue and organ damage.
Diagnosis of APS
APS is diagnosed through a combination of blood tests, physical exams, and imaging tests. Blood tests are used to measure levels of hormones, antibodies, and other markers to help diagnose APS. Imaging tests, such as x-ray, CT scan, or MRI can be used to look for signs of organ damage.
Treatment of APS
The goal of treatment for APS is to reduce symptoms, prevent organ damage, and improve overall quality of life. Treatment may include medications, such as corticosteroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), immunosuppressants, and biologic agents. Other treatments may include lifestyle modifications, such as exercise, stress management, and dietary changes. Surgery may be necessary to repair damage to organs.