Ascariasis is an intestinal infection caused by the roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides. These worms are found all over the world and are one of the most common human parasites. They infect the small intestine and can cause a wide range of symptoms, from mild to severe.
The parasite is usually acquired through ingestion of food or water contaminated with roundworm eggs. Once ingested, the eggs hatch in the small intestine and the larvae migrate to the lungs. It is here that they mature and eventually make their way back to the small intestine, where they mature into adult worms. The worms can live in the intestine for up to two years and can lay up to 200,000 eggs per day.
Symptoms of ascariasis can range from mild to severe. The most common symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and weight loss. In more severe cases, the worms can cause obstruction of the intestine, leading to abdominal pain, vomiting, and dehydration. In very rare cases, the worms can migrate to other parts of the body, such as the liver or heart, and cause serious complications.
Treatment of ascariasis is typically done with anti-parasitic medications, such as albendazole or mebendazole. These medications are generally well-tolerated and effective at eliminating the parasites. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the worms from the intestines.
In conclusion, ascariasis is an intestinal infection caused by the roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides. It is acquired through contaminated food or water and can cause a range of symptoms, from mild to severe. Treatment typically involves anti-parasitic medications and, in some cases, surgery.