Ankylosis is a condition in which the joints of the body become rigid, preventing proper movement and leading to decreased mobility. It is usually caused by the fusion of two bones, resulting in a stiff joint. Ankylosis can occur in any joint of the body, including the spine, shoulder, elbow, hip, knee, ankle, and jaw.
Ankylosis can be caused by a variety of factors, such as trauma, inflammation, infection, or degenerative joint diseases. The most common cause of ankylosis is the degenerative joint diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis. In some cases, ankylosis can also be caused by birth defects.
The diagnosis of ankylosis is made by a physical exam and imaging tests, such as X-rays or MRI scans. During the physical exam, the doctor will look for signs of stiffness, limited range of motion, and joint pain. Imaging tests can help to identify the extent of the ankylosis and determine the cause.
Treatment for ankylosis depends on the severity and cause of the condition. In some cases, medications may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and pain. Physical therapy and occupational therapy can help improve joint mobility and strength. In more severe cases, surgery may be required to correct the ankylosis. The goal of treatment is to improve joint mobility and reduce pain.