A major advantage of active immunization compared to passive immunization is that it provides longer-term protection against a particular disease. Active immunization induces the body to produce its own antibodies, which can provide protection against a disease for years or decades. In contrast, passive immunization involves injecting antibodies that have been already produced outside of the body. This type of immunization only provides protection for a relatively short period of time, usually around a few weeks to a few months.
Active immunization is also more cost effective than passive immunization, as it only requires one or two doses of a vaccine to provide long-term protection, whereas passive immunization requires multiple doses of antibodies to maintain protection. Additionally, active immunization can be used to target multiple diseases at once, as vaccines often provide protection against multiple different illnesses, while passive immunization is only effective against one disease.
In conclusion, active immunization has the advantage of providing longer-term protection against a disease and being more cost effective than passive immunization. Additionally, it can also be used to target multiple diseases at once.