Autism Risk Factors
Research suggests that certain factors may increase the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While some of these risk factors are out of a person’s control, there are a few measures that can be taken to reduce the risk.
Genetics
Genetics are thought to be the most significant risk factor for ASD. It is estimated that genes are responsible for up to 90% of ASD cases. Studies have shown that people with a family history of autism are more likely to develop ASD.
Advanced Parental Age
Having older parents can increase the risk of having a child with ASD. Fathers over the age of 40 are two to five times more likely to have a child with ASD than fathers under the age of 30. The risk for mothers over the age of 35 is one and a half to three times greater than for mothers under the age of 30.
Environmental Factors
Exposure to certain environmental toxins can increase the risk of developing ASD. These include chemicals such as air pollution, pesticides, and heavy metals like lead and mercury. Other environmental factors, such as maternal stress and nutrition during pregnancy, have also been linked to ASD.
Sex
ASD is more common in boys than girls. Boys are four times more likely to be diagnosed with ASD than girls.
Reducing Risk
There are steps that parents can take to reduce the risk of their child developing ASD.
Pre-Conception Care
Before trying to conceive, women should take prenatal vitamins with folic acid and avoid alcohol, smoking, and drugs. Fathers should also take folic acid supplements and avoid recreational drugs, cigarettes, and alcohol.
Healthy Pregnancy
Women should strive to have a healthy pregnancy. Eating a balanced diet, getting regular exercise, and avoiding environmental toxins can help reduce the risk of ASD.
Early Intervention
Early diagnosis and intervention can help children with ASD get the most out of treatment. If parents notice any signs of ASD in their child, they should seek medical help right away.
Conclusion
Although the exact causes of ASD are still unknown, certain risk factors have been identified. Genetics, advanced parental age, environmental factors, and sex can all increase the risk of ASD. However, there are steps that parents can take to reduce the risk. Pre-conception care, healthy pregnancy, and early intervention are all important for reducing the risk of ASD.