Avascular necrosis (AVN), also known as osteonecrosis, is a condition in which blood supply to the bone is reduced or cut off, leading to bone death. If left untreated, avascular necrosis can cause permanent damage to the joint, leading to severe pain, joint deformity, and disability.
Effects of Untreated Avascular Necrosis
Without proper treatment, avascular necrosis can lead to joint destruction, deformity, and disability. If untreated, the bone tissue can collapse, leading to severe pain and difficulty moving the affected joint. The damage from avascular necrosis can cause the joint to become brittle and weak, leading to joint instability and further complications. In advanced cases, joint replacement surgery may be needed to restore function.
Treatment Options
Early diagnosis and treatment of avascular necrosis can help prevent or reduce further damage to the joint. Treatment options may include medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or corticosteroids to reduce pain and inflammation. In some cases, surgical procedures such as joint debridement, bone grafting, or arthroplasty may be used to restore function.
Prevention
There are a few steps that can be taken to reduce the risk of avascular necrosis. Avoiding activities that put excessive stress on the joints, such as high-impact sports, can help reduce the risk of injury. It is also important to keep the joints in good condition with regular exercise. Finally, if you are taking medications that can cause avascular necrosis, talk to your doctor about other treatment options.