Acid Reflux: What it is and What Happens if Left Untreated
Acid reflux, also known as GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease), is a condition in which stomach acid flows back up into the esophagus, causing a burning sensation in the chest or throat. This is known as heartburn. Left untreated, acid reflux can cause other complications such as esophagitis, esophageal strictures, and Barrett’s esophagus.
Symptoms of Acid Reflux
The most common symptom of acid reflux is heartburn, which is a burning sensation in the chest or throat. Other symptoms include: chest pain, difficulty swallowing, dry cough, sore throat, hoarseness, and a sour taste in the mouth.
Complications of Untreated Acid Reflux
If left untreated, acid reflux can lead to a number of complications, including:
• Esophagitis: Inflammation of the esophagus caused by stomach acid.
• Esophageal Strictures: Narrowing of the esophagus due to scarring.
• Barrett's Esophagus: A condition in which the cells lining the esophagus become more like those of the stomach, increasing the risk of esophageal cancer.
• Respiratory Problems: Acid reflux can lead to asthma, bronchitis, and other respiratory problems.
Treating Acid Reflux
The most common treatment for acid reflux is medication. There are a number of medications available, including antacids, H2 blockers, and proton pump inhibitors. In severe cases, surgery may be recommended.
In addition to medication, there are lifestyle changes that can help reduce the symptoms of acid reflux. These include avoiding triggers such as spicy or fatty foods, avoiding lying down after eating, and elevating the head of the bed.
It is important to seek medical advice if you think you may have acid reflux. Left untreated, it can lead to a number of serious complications.