An anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) test is a blood test that detects the presence of an autoantibody that is directed against a person's own cells. This autoantibody is known as an anti-nuclear antibody because it binds to the nucleus of a person's cells. A positive ANA test result indicates the presence of autoantibodies in the body and can be indicative of an underlying autoimmune disorder.
What is an Autoimmune Disorder?
An autoimmune disorder is a condition in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys healthy body tissue. Over 80 distinct autoimmune diseases have been identified, including lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. Because autoimmune diseases can have a wide range of symptoms, diagnosis can be difficult and often requires a combination of medical tests and patient history.
What Does a Positive ANA Test Mean?
A positive ANA test result is not diagnostic of any specific autoimmune disease, but it can be indicative of one. A positive ANA test result means that the person’s body is producing autoantibodies, which can be indicative of an underlying autoimmune disorder. In such cases, further testing will be necessary to determine the specific diagnosis.
What are the Treatment Options for Autoimmune Disorders?
The treatment of autoimmune disorders depends on the specific disorder and its severity. In some cases, medications such as corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, or biologics can be used to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system. Other treatments may include physical therapy, lifestyle changes, dietary changes, or surgery.