Cerebral palsy (CP) is a term used to describe a group of chronic neurological disorders that affect body movements and muscle coordination. It is caused by damage to the developing brain that occurs before, during, or shortly after birth. The damage to the brain disrupts the normal development of movement and posture, resulting in poor muscle coordination, weak muscle tone, and abnormal movement patterns.
CP is not a single condition, but rather a spectrum of symptoms that vary in severity. Although the symptoms of CP tend to remain constant throughout an individual’s life, they can change as the person grows and develops. CP can affect a person’s ability to walk, talk, eat, and perform everyday activities. It can also lead to vision, hearing, and speech problems.
CP is not progressive and does not worsen over time. However, it can lead to secondary conditions such as muscle spasms, contractures, and scoliosis. People with CP may also experience intellectual disabilities, seizures, and difficulty with communication.
Treatment for CP depends on the individual’s needs and can include physical, occupational, and speech therapy, as well as medications and assistive devices. Early intervention is important in helping people with CP reach their full potential. With the right support, many individuals with CP can lead full, independent, and productive lives.