Actinomyces belongs to a group of bacteria called Actinobacteria, which are gram-positive, rod-shaped, and anaerobic. These bacteria are commonly found in the human body and can cause a variety of infections. They are usually found in the mouth, throat, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract.
Actinomyces are considered commensal organisms, meaning they live symbiotically with the human body and do not cause any harm. However, they can become pathogenic and cause infections if the body's immune system is weakened or compromised.
Actinomyces can also be found in the environment, such as soil, water, dust, and air. They are capable of growing in the absence of oxygen and are often seen as a fuzzy, white growth on surfaces.
Actinomyces can cause a wide range of infections, including actinomycosis, which is a chronic, granulomatous infection that is caused by inhaling, ingesting, or coming into contact with the bacteria. Common symptoms of actinomycosis include fever, chills, chest pain, and coughing. Other infections caused by Actinomyces include endocarditis, meningitis, and pneumonia.
Actinomyces can be treated with a combination of antibiotics and surgical intervention. It is important to seek medical attention if any of the symptoms are present, as this type of infection can become life-threatening if left untreated.