Atherosclerosis is a condition that develops when the walls of arteries become thickened and hardened due to the accumulation of fatty deposits, which are known as plaques. This condition can impede the flow of blood through the arteries, which can cause a variety of health complications.
The most common cause of atherosclerosis is a combination of unhealthy lifestyle factors, such as smoking, a poor diet, and a lack of exercise. In addition, certain diseases can contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. These include:
1. Diabetes: People with diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes, often have high levels of fat and cholesterol in their blood, which can lead to the buildup of plaques in the arteries.
2. High blood pressure (hypertension): High blood pressure can cause damage to the artery walls, which can promote the buildup of plaques.
3. Kidney disease: Poorly functioning kidneys can affect the levels of certain molecules in the blood, such as cholesterol, which can contribute to the development of plaques.
4. Hyperlipidemia: This condition is characterized by an elevated level of lipids (fats) in the blood, which can contribute to the buildup of plaques.
5. Metabolic syndrome: Metabolic syndrome is a combination of conditions, such as high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and excess abdominal fat, that can increase a person's risk of developing atherosclerosis.
If left untreated, atherosclerosis can lead to a variety of serious health conditions, such as heart attack, stroke, and peripheral artery disease. Therefore, it is important to make lifestyle changes and seek medical treatment as soon as possible if you suspect you may be at risk of developing atherosclerosis.