Type 2 diabetes is caused by a combination of lifestyle choices and genetic factors. The most important lifestyle factors are being overweight or obese and not getting enough physical activity. Other risk factors include age, family history, and ethnicity.
Genetics
In some cases, type 2 diabetes can be caused by genetic mutations. These mutations can cause the body's cells to become resistant to insulin, which is the hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. This can lead to high blood sugar levels and can cause symptoms of diabetes.
Lifestyle Factors
Being overweight or obese is one of the most important lifestyle factors that can lead to type 2 diabetes. Excess body fat, particularly around the abdomen, can make it harder for the body to use insulin properly. This can lead to high blood sugar levels and can cause symptoms of diabetes.
Getting enough physical activity is also important. Being physically active helps the body to use insulin more efficiently. It also helps the body to store glucose in the muscles, which can help keep blood sugar levels in check.
Age and Family History
Age and family history can also increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. People over the age of 45 are more likely to be diagnosed with type 2 diabetes than younger people. Having a family history of diabetes can also increase the risk.
Ethnicity
Certain ethnicities, such as African-American, Hispanic, Native American, and Asian-American, are at a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. This is likely due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
In conclusion, type 2 diabetes is caused by a combination of lifestyle choices and genetic factors. The most important lifestyle factors are being overweight or obese and not getting enough physical activity. Other risk factors include age, family history, and ethnicity.