Hodgkin's lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell that helps fight infection. In young adults, the cause of Hodgkin's lymphoma is not yet known. However, research suggests that a combination of genetic and environmental factors may play a role.
Genetic factors may include a person’s genetic makeup, which can increase their risk of developing Hodgkin's lymphoma. For instance, some individuals may carry a gene mutation that increases their risk of developing the disease. In addition, their family history may also play a role. Individuals with a family history of Hodgkin's lymphoma may be more likely to develop it themselves.
Environmental factors may also contribute to the development of Hodgkin's lymphoma in young adults. For instance, exposure to certain chemicals such as herbicides and pesticides, as well as radiation, can increase the risk of developing the disease. In addition, individuals with weakened immune systems may be more likely to develop Hodgkin's lymphoma. This includes individuals with HIV/AIDS, as well as those who have received an organ transplant or have undergone chemotherapy.
Finally, certain viruses, such as the Epstein-Barr virus and the human herpes virus-8, have been linked to an increased risk of developing Hodgkin's lymphoma. However, it’s important to note that these viruses do not cause Hodgkin's lymphoma, and the majority of individuals who are exposed to them will not develop the disease.
In conclusion, the exact cause of Hodgkin's lymphoma in young adults is not yet known. However, research suggests that a combination of genetic and environmental factors may play a role. These include genetic mutations, family history, exposure to certain chemicals and radiation, weakened immune systems, and certain viruses.