Bacteria associated with periodontal diseases are a diverse group of microorganisms found in the oral cavity. In the past, the most common bacteria associated with periodontal diseases were Streptococcus, Porphyromonas, Actinobacillus, and Bacteroides species. However, more recent studies have identified over 500 species of bacteria associated with periodontal diseases, including Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Veillonella, and Actinomyces species.
The bacteria associated with periodontal diseases are thought to be responsible for initiating and promoting the inflammation and destruction of the periodontium (the tissues that support the teeth). These microorganisms form a biofilm on the teeth and gums, which is composed of bacteria, saliva, and other debris. This biofilm is a unique environment for the bacteria to thrive in, and it can be difficult to remove.
Streptococcus and Actinobacillus species are the primary bacteria associated with periodontal diseases. These bacteria are known for their ability to form acids that can break down the tooth enamel and cause cavities. They also produce toxins that can damage the periodontal ligaments and cause inflammation. Porphyromonas species are often found in the deeper parts of the periodontium and cause destruction of the alveolar bone (the bone that supports the teeth). Bacteroides species are more commonly found in the gingiva (gums) and are thought to be directly responsible for the destruction of the periodontal ligaments.
The bacteria associated with periodontal diseases are difficult to remove, as they form a biofilm that is resistant to antibiotics. Therefore, the best way to prevent the formation of periodontal diseases is to practice good oral hygiene habits, such as brushing and flossing regularly. In addition, regular visits to the dentist can help to detect and treat any signs of periodontal diseases before they become too severe.