Sarcoma is a type of cancer that affects the bones, muscles, and other connective tissues of the body. It is usually considered rare, but it is estimated that over 11,000 people are diagnosed with sarcoma each year in the United States.
Risk Factors
Although the exact cause of sarcoma is unknown, there are some risk factors that may increase your chances of developing the disease. These include:
Age: Sarcoma is more common in people who are over 60 years old.
Gender: Sarcoma is more common in males than females.
Genetics: A family history of sarcoma can increase your risk.
Exposure to radiation: People exposed to high levels of radiation, such as cancer patients receiving radiation therapy, are at an increased risk of developing sarcoma.
Chemicals: Exposure to certain chemicals, such as benzene, may increase your risk of developing sarcoma.
Symptoms
The symptoms of sarcoma can vary depending on the type and location of the tumor. Common symptoms include:
Pain: Sarcoma can cause pain in the affected area that can come and go or be constant.
Swelling: Sarcoma can cause swelling in the affected area.
Tenderness: Sarcoma can cause the affected area to be tender or sore.
Changes in skin: Sarcoma can cause changes in the skin such as lumps or lesions.
Fatigue: Sarcoma can cause fatigue and weakness.
Diagnosis
If you experience any of the above symptoms, it is important to see your doctor for a diagnosis. Your doctor will perform a physical exam and may also order tests such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRIs to help diagnose the tumor. If sarcoma is suspected, a biopsy of the affected area may be performed to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment
Treatment for sarcoma usually involves surgery to remove the tumor, followed by radiation and/or chemotherapy. The type of treatment depends on the type and location of the tumor, as well as the stage of the tumor.
Complications
The most common complication of sarcoma is that it can spread to other parts of the body. This is known as metastasis and can make treatment more difficult. Other possible complications include pain, swelling, and infection.
Prevention
Since the exact cause of sarcoma is unknown, there is no sure way to prevent it. However, reducing your risk factors such as avoiding exposure to radiation and chemicals can help reduce your risk.