Optional vaccines are those vaccines that are not required by law or recommended by public health officials, but which may be recommended by a doctor or health care provider for certain individuals based on their risk factors or lifestyle. These vaccines are generally given as part of a routine immunization schedule, but can also be given at any time a health care provider deems necessary. Examples of optional vaccines include pneumococcal, rotavirus, hepatitis B, meningococcal, HPV, and varicella vaccines.
Pneumococcal vaccines help protect against a type of bacteria called Streptococcus pneumoniae, which can cause serious infections such as pneumonia, meningitis, and sepsis. Rotavirus vaccines protect against a virus that causes severe diarrhea and vomiting in young children. Hepatitis B vaccines protect against a virus that can lead to liver damage. Meningococcal vaccines protect against a bacteria that can cause meningitis, a potentially fatal infection of the brain and spinal cord. HPV vaccines protect against viruses that can cause cervical cancer and other types of cancer. Varicella vaccines protect against the virus that causes chickenpox.
Optional vaccines may be recommended for certain individuals who are at higher risk for certain infections. For example, some health care providers may recommend the pneumococcal, hepatitis B, or meningococcal vaccines for adults who are immunocompromised (have weakened immune systems). They may also recommend the HPV vaccine to both boys and girls to help prevent certain types of cancer.
It is important to discuss with your doctor or health care provider whether or not an optional vaccine is right for you. They will consider your age, lifestyle, health history, and any other factors that may increase your risk for certain infections.