Underactive Thyroid: Symptoms and Causes
Underactive thyroid, also known as hypothyroidism, is a condition in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough of the hormones needed to regulate metabolism. This can lead to a wide range of symptoms, including fatigue, weight gain, depression, and dry skin. In this article, we will look at the causes and symptoms of underactive thyroid, as well as the treatments that are available.
Symptoms of Underactive Thyroid
The most common symptoms of an underactive thyroid include fatigue, weight gain, depression, dry skin, muscle cramps, constipation, and thinning hair. Some people may also experience joint pain, increased sensitivity to cold, and an irregular menstrual cycle. In addition, people with an underactive thyroid may have a hoarse voice, swollen neck, and difficulty swallowing.
Causes of Underactive Thyroid
There are several possible causes of an underactive thyroid. These include autoimmune disorders, such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis, which is the most common cause. Other causes include medications, radiation therapy, and iodine deficiency. In some cases, the cause of an underactive thyroid can be unknown.
Diagnosis of Underactive Thyroid
If you think you may have an underactive thyroid, it is important to see a doctor. Your doctor will perform a physical exam and may order blood tests to check your hormone levels. Your doctor may also order an ultrasound or other imaging tests to look for any abnormalities in the thyroid gland.
Treatment of Underactive Thyroid
The treatment for an underactive thyroid depends on the cause. If the cause is autoimmune, you may be prescribed medication to reduce inflammation and replace the hormones your body is not producing. If the cause is iodine deficiency, you may be prescribed iodine supplements. In some cases, you may need surgery to remove part or all of the thyroid gland.
Underactive thyroid is a serious condition that can have a significant impact on your health and quality of life. If you think you may be suffering from an underactive thyroid, it is important to see your doctor as soon as possible. With the right treatment, you can manage your symptoms and lead a healthy, active life.