Diverticular disease is a common digestive condition that affects the large intestine. It is characterized by the formation of small pouches, called diverticula, that develop in the wall of the colon. While most people with diverticular disease experience few symptoms, some may experience pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits. In this article, we discuss the effects of diverticular disease.
Symptoms of Diverticular Disease
The most common symptom of diverticular disease is abdominal pain, usually on the left side of the abdomen. This pain can range from mild to severe, and can come and go. Other symptoms may include:
• Constipation or diarrhea
• Bloating
• Nausea
• Fever
• Feeling of fullness
• Blood in stools
Complications of Diverticular Disease
In some cases, diverticular disease can lead to complications, including:
• Diverticulitis: This is an inflammation of the diverticula that can cause abdominal pain, fever, nausea, and vomiting.
• Perforation: This is when a diverticulum ruptures and can cause abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and bleeding.
• Peritonitis: This is an infection of the abdominal cavity that can cause abdominal pain, fever, nausea, and vomiting.
Risk Factors for Diverticular Disease
A number of factors can increase a person's risk of developing diverticular disease, including:
• Low-fiber diet: Eating a diet that is low in fiber can increase the risk of developing diverticular disease.
• Age: The risk of developing diverticular disease increases with age.
• Obesity: Being overweight or obese can increase the risk of developing diverticular disease.
• Smoking: Smoking can increase the risk of developing diverticular disease.
Treatment of Diverticular Disease
The treatment of diverticular disease will depend on the severity of the symptoms and the presence of any complications. Treatment options may include:
• Diet modification: Eating a high-fiber diet can help reduce the symptoms of diverticular disease.
• Antibiotics: In cases of diverticulitis, antibiotics may be prescribed to help reduce the inflammation.
• Surgery: In cases of severe symptoms or complications, surgery may be recommended.
• Pain medications: In cases of abdominal pain, over-the-counter or prescription pain medications may be recommended.