Prevention can be divided into three categories: primary prevention, secondary prevention, and tertiary prevention.
Primary prevention is focused on preventing disease and injury before they can occur. This includes activities such as educating people about healthy behaviors, encouraging physical activity, providing immunizations, and promoting healthy eating habits. Primary prevention is also known as anticipatory or upstream prevention.
Secondary prevention is focused on early detection and treatment of diseases and injuries. This includes activities such as screening for chronic diseases, providing treatment for acute illnesses, and offering health services to high-risk populations. Secondary prevention is also known as early intervention.
Tertiary prevention is focused on minimizing the consequences of already existing diseases and disabilities. This includes activities such as providing rehabilitation to people with disabilities, providing support for people living with chronic illnesses, and offering palliative care for people with terminal illnesses. Tertiary prevention is also known as downstream prevention.
Prevention is important for reducing the burden of disease and promoting good health. By engaging in primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention, people can reduce their risk of developing diseases and disabilities, and improve their overall health and well-being.