Diagnostic Criteria
Birth asphyxia is defined as a lack of oxygen to the newborn infant during the birth process. Asphyxia can occur due to a number of causes, including problems with the placenta, umbilical cord, or compression of the umbilical cord. The primary diagnostic criteria for birth asphyxia include:
Apgar score: The Apgar score is a simple and quick method of assessing the health of newborns. The score is based on five criteria (heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflexes, and color) and is measured at one and five minutes after birth. A score of 7 or lower at five minutes indicates the possibility of birth asphyxia.
Blood gas analysis: This is a laboratory test performed on a sample of the newborn’s blood. It measures the levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and acidity in the blood, which can indicate if the baby has been deprived of oxygen.
Cerebral ultrasound: This imaging test uses sound waves to create an image of the baby’s brain. It can be used to detect changes in the brain tissue that may be indicative of birth asphyxia.
EEG: An electroencephalogram (EEG) is a test that measures the electrical activity of the brain. Abnormal EEG results can indicate the presence of birth asphyxia.
CT scan: A computed tomography (CT) scan is an imaging test that uses x-rays to create detailed images of the baby’s brain. It can be used to detect signs of birth asphyxia.
These diagnostic criteria can help doctors diagnose birth asphyxia and determine the best course of treatment for the newborn.
