Actinomyces colonize the human body both in the oral cavity and in the gastrointestinal tract. The presence of Actinomyces in the oral cavity is thought to be part of normal oral flora, providing protection from potentially pathogenic bacteria. In the oral cavity, Actinomyces species are commonly found in the subgingival area, where they form a biofilm that helps protect the host from pathogenic bacteria. In the gastrointestinal tract, Actinomyces species are also part of the normal microbiota, helping to protect the host from pathogens and to aid in digestion.
Actinomyces colonies are formed by the bacteria in the biofilm, which is made up of polysaccharides, proteins, and lipids. These biofilms can vary in size and complexity, depending on the species of Actinomyces present. The biofilm provides protection from environmental stressors, as well as protection from antimicrobials. It also helps to protect the host from pathogens and to aid in digestion.
Actinomyces colonies are generally considered to be beneficial in the human body, as they help to protect the host from pathogens and aid in digestion. However, it is important to note that some Actinomyces species can cause infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. In these cases, the biofilm can act as a reservoir for the pathogenic species, leading to serious health complications. Therefore, it is important to maintain a healthy balance of Actinomyces species in the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract to prevent the overgrowth of any potentially pathogenic species.