Infectious diseases are illnesses caused by pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. These pathogens can spread from person to person or from an animal or an environmental source to a human. The following are six of the most common infectious diseases:
1. Influenza: Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is a viral respiratory illness caused by the influenza virus. Symptoms of the flu include fever, body aches, sore throat, and a runny nose.
2. HIV/AIDS: HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) are caused by the same virus. HIV attacks the body’s immune system, making it difficult for the body to fight off other infections and diseases.
3. Tuberculosis: Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs. Symptoms include a persistent cough, fatigue, weight loss, and night sweats.
4. Malaria: Malaria is a parasitic infection that is spread by mosquitoes. Symptoms can include fever, headache, and chills.
5. Measles: Measles is a viral infection that is highly contagious and can be spread through the air. Symptoms include fever, runny nose, and a rash.
6. Chickenpox: Chickenpox is a viral infection that is also highly contagious and spread through the air. Symptoms include a rash, fever, and body aches.