The five major air pollutants are particulate matter (PM), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ground-level ozone (O3).
Particulate Matter (PM) refers to a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets that are suspended in the air. Sources of PM include road dust, burning of fossil fuels, wildfires, and agricultural activities. PM can cause serious health problems such as respiratory illnesses, heart attacks, and strokes, as well as affecting visibility.
Carbon Monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that is produced from incomplete combustion of fossil fuels. It can cause headaches, dizziness, and even death in high concentrations.
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) is a gas emitted from burning of fossil fuels and volcanic eruptions. It can cause health problems such as bronchitis, chest pain, and asthma attacks.
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) is a reddish-brown gas produced from burning of fossil fuels, such as car exhaust. It can cause inflammation of the lungs, as well as respiratory illnesses such as bronchitis.
Ground-level Ozone (O3) is a gas formed from a reaction between sunlight and certain air pollutants. It is a major component of smog, and can cause breathing problems and even permanent lung damage.
In summary, the five major air pollutants are PM, CO, SO2, NO2, and O3. These pollutants can cause serious health problems, and it is important to take steps to reduce their emissions.