Anoxic Hypoxia
Anoxic hypoxia is a type of hypoxia that occurs when there is a complete lack of oxygen in the fetal environment. This type of hypoxia can lead to severe brain damage and in some cases death. The primary cause of anoxic hypoxia is umbilical cord compression or entrapment, which can lead to a decrease in oxygen supply to the fetus. Other causes can include placental abruption, uterine rupture, and maternal shock.
Histotoxic Hypoxia
Histotoxic hypoxia is a type of hypoxia that occurs when oxygen is present but the fetus is unable to use it. This type of hypoxia can be caused by toxins, such as carbon monoxide, that interfere with the ability of the fetus to use oxygen. Other causes can include fetal infection or metabolic disturbances.
Stagnant Hypoxia
Stagnant hypoxia is a type of hypoxia that occurs when the fetal circulation is inadequate or not functioning properly. This type of hypoxia can be caused by placental insufficiency, which can lead to a decrease in oxygen supply to the fetus. Other causes can include maternal hypertension or preeclampsia.
Hypoxic-Ischemic Hypoxia
Hypoxic-ischemic hypoxia is a type of hypoxia that occurs when there is a lack of oxygen and inadequate blood flow to the fetus. This type of hypoxia can be caused by placental abruption, uterine rupture, or maternal shock. Other causes can include umbilical cord compression or entrapment, congenital heart defects, and maternal blood clotting disorders.