Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a broad term that encompasses a range of developmental disabilities that affect communication, social interaction, and behavior. ASD is usually diagnosed in early childhood and can affect individuals differently, making it a spectrum disorder. The four main types of ASD are Autistic Disorder, Asperger’s Syndrome, Pervasive Developmental Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS), and Childhood Disintegrative Disorder (CDD).
Autistic Disorder, also known as classic autism, is the most recognized type of ASD. It is characterized by impairments in social interaction, communication, and limited interests and activities. Individuals may have difficulty with social cues, communication, and reciprocating conversations. They may have difficulty making eye contact, show an aversion to physical contact, and lack the ability to understand the perspective of others. They may also have difficulty with imaginative play and have overly rigid routines.
Asperger’s Syndrome is another type of ASD. It is similar to Autistic Disorder, but individuals typically have normal language and cognitive development. They may have difficulty with social interactions, have limited interests, and struggle to understand nonverbal cues. Individuals may also display repetitive and obsessive behaviors.
PDD-NOS is a type of ASD that is characterized by impairments in social interaction, communication, and behavior, but does not meet the criteria for Autistic Disorder or Asperger’s Syndrome. Individuals may struggle with social skills, communication, and have difficulty making friends. They may also have difficulty with transitions and changes in routine.
Childhood Disintegrative Disorder (CDD) is a rare form of ASD. It is characterized by normal development followed by a marked regression in multiple areas, such as language, social, and motor skills. Individuals may also have difficulty with social interactions, speech, and have impaired cognitive functioning.
Overall, there are four main types of ASD: Autistic Disorder, Asperger’s Syndrome, PDD-NOS, and Childhood Disintegrative Disorder. All of these types of ASD affect individuals differently and can range from mild to severe. It is important to seek professional help to receive an accurate diagnosis and develop a treatment plan.