Iron deficiency anemia is a type of anemia that results from inadequate levels of iron in the body. It is the most common form of anemia and can affect people of all ages, genders, and race. The primary causes of iron deficiency anemia include inadequate dietary intake, increased iron requirements, blood loss, and impaired absorption of iron.
1. Inadequate Dietary Intake: Iron deficiency anemia can occur when individuals do not consume enough dietary iron. This can be due to inadequate intake of foods rich in iron such as red meat, poultry, fish, beans, and leafy green vegetables. Additionally, some individuals may have medical conditions that limit their ability to absorb iron from their diet.
2. Increased Iron Requirements: Individuals may be at risk of iron deficiency anemia if their body has an increased requirement for iron. This is particularly true for those who are pregnant or lactating as their bodies have an increased need for iron. Additionally, children and adolescents are at a higher risk due to their rapid growth and development.
3. Blood Loss: Iron deficiency anemia can also occur due to blood loss. This can be due to gastrointestinal conditions such as ulcers or colon cancer, heavy menstrual cycles, or surgery.
4. Impaired Iron Absorption: Some individuals may have medical conditions or take certain medications that impair the body’s ability to absorb iron from the diet. These conditions include celiac disease, Crohn’s disease, and intestinal parasites. Additionally, some medications used to treat acid reflux can also inhibit iron absorption.
In conclusion, the four main causes of iron deficiency anemia are inadequate dietary intake, increased iron requirements, blood loss, and impaired absorption of iron. It is important to be aware of these causes and to seek medical advice if you are concerned about being at risk of iron deficiency anemia.