ABO incompatibility is a type of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). It occurs when a mother’s blood is of a different ABO blood type than that of her baby’s. This can cause the baby’s red blood cells to be destroyed by the mother’s antibodies, leading to anemia, jaundice, and even death.
Risk Factors for ABO Incompatibility
Blood Type Mismatch: The most common risk factor for ABO incompatibility is a mismatch between the mother’s and baby’s blood types. If the mother’s blood type is A, B, or AB, and the baby’s blood type is O, then the baby is at risk for developing ABO incompatibility.
Previous Pregnancy: A mother who has previously had a baby with ABO incompatibility is at an increased risk for having another baby with this condition.
Family History: If a woman’s family members have a history of ABO incompatibility, she may be at an increased risk as well.
Advanced Maternal Age: Women who are pregnant at an advanced age (over 35) may be at an increased risk for having a baby with ABO incompatibility.
Rh Incompatibility: Women who are Rh negative and have a baby who is Rh positive are at an increased risk for ABO incompatibility.
Twin or Multiple Births: Women who are pregnant with twins or multiples are at an increased risk for ABO incompatibility.
Uterine Abnormalities: Women who have certain uterine abnormalities, such as an enlarged uterus or an abnormal placenta, may be at an increased risk for ABO incompatibility.
By understanding the risk factors for ABO incompatibility, women can take steps to reduce their risk and ensure the health of their baby.
